chicago religious demographics

It is the principal city in the Chicago metropolitan area, situated in both the Midwestern United States and the Great Lakes region. The city is the site of an influential hip-hop scene, and it has launched new music and dance styles such as Chicago juke and footwork. In 2003, Robb Report named Chicago the country's "most exceptional dining destination".[246]. The region is prone to severe thunderstorms during the spring and summer which can produce large hail, damaging winds, and occasionally tornadoes. [91][92], In 1992, a construction accident near the Kinzie Street Bridge produced a breach connecting the Chicago River to a tunnel below, which was part of an abandoned freight tunnel system extending throughout the downtown Loop district. Only the WASPs hated the Irish, and the WASPs all lived on the North Shore. [200], Prominent food companies based in Chicago include the world headquarters of Conagra, Ferrara Candy Company, Kraft Heinz, McDonald's, Mondelez International, Quaker Oats, and US Foods. Around two-thirds of the area's 8 million inhabitants are Christians, who read the Bible, according to National Conference for Community and Justice figures. [19] There are approximately 14,000 Ukrainians living within the Chicago city limits. 94.3%. [75] Chicago was the location of the infamous St. Valentine's Day Massacre in 1929, when Al Capone sent men to gun down members of a rival gang, North Side, led by Bugs Moran. Because of the dominance of the Democratic Party in Chicago, the Democratic primary vote held in the spring is generally more significant than the general elections in November for U.S. House and Illinois State seats. Of the total population, 28.1% of those under the age of 18 and 15.5% of those 75 and older were living below the poverty line. Chicago is the center of the Palestinian and Jordanian immigrant communities in the United States,[28][29] and additionally has a large Assyrian population. [25]. They were following Serbian and Hungarian immigrants who found work in the steel mills and factories of the city. The ceiling of its Preston Bradley Hall includes a 38-foot (12m) Tiffany glass dome. The entertainment and cultural magazine Time Out Chicago and GRAB magazine are also published in the city, as well as local music magazine Chicago Innerview. [citation needed], Machine politics persisted in Chicago after the decline of similar machines in other large U.S. [194] Illinois is home to 66 Fortune 1000 companies, including those in Chicago. It also contains the University of Chicago, ranked one of the world's top ten universities,[218] and the Museum of Science and Industry. ), Eclectic, a bit of everything, "I have my own beliefs", Other in the "Unitarian and other liberal faiths" family, Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. Chicago nicknames or aliases (official or unofficial): Chi-Town, City in a Garden, The City of the Big Shoulders, The City . [299] Chicago ended 2013 with 415 murders, the lowest number of murders since 1965, and overall crime rates dropped by 16 percent. The Museum Campus joins the southern section of Grant Park, which includes the renowned Art Institute of Chicago. This local church is pastored by Cardinal Blase J. Cupich, assisted by six Episcopal Vicars, each responsible for a vicariate (region). [27] There are about 185,000 Arabs in Cook County with another 75,000 in the five surrounding counties. [68][69] The University of Chicago, formerly at another location, moved to the same South Side location in 1892. [227] It features 42 navy blue gondolas that can hold up to eight adults and two children. [83], By the 1960s, white residents in several neighborhoods left the city for the suburban areas in many American cities, a process known as white flight as Blacks continued to move beyond the Black Belt. The label first found success with Ministry, with the release of the cold life single, which entered the US Dance charts in 1982. More than half the population of the state of Illinois lives in the Chicago metropolitan area. ", "Ken Griffin and J.B. Pritzker's secret meeting: The origin of a political feud", "Chicago's snack bar wars: May the cleanest label win", "Chicago City Council raises minimum wage to $15 by 2021, but restaurant servers still will get lower tipped wage", "Opaa! In 1906, they established Dzemijetul Hajrije (The Benevolent Society) of Illinois to preserve the community's religious and national traditions as well as to provide mutual assistance for funerals and illness. Greyhound Lines provides inter-city bus service to and from the city, and Chicago is also the hub for the Midwest network of Megabus (North America). He is commonly known as the "Founder of Chicago". It reports the number of congregations in every U.S. county and equivalents for participating faith groups. [36], As the site of the Chicago Portage,[37] the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. A popular modification is the Comboan Italian beef sandwich with the addition of an Italian sausage. [citation needed]. The ethnic makeup of the population is 28% Hispanic and 72% belong to non Hispanic background. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4, 1837,[35] and for several decades was the world's fastest-growing city. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Conservative Baptist Association of America, General Association of Regular Baptist Churches, Nondenominational Christian (Evangelical Trad. The city served as the venue for the medical dramas ER and Chicago Hope, as well as the fantasy drama series Early Edition and the 20052009 drama Prison Break. Kortmann, Bernd, Kate Burridge, Rajend Mesthrie, Edgar W. Schneider and Clive Upton (eds). [226] Most conventions are held at McCormick Place, just south of Soldier Field. Illinois. Count. The city typically sees less snow and rain in winter than that experienced in the eastern Great Lakes region. Read our research on: Congress | Economy | Gender. [343] Six of the seven Class I railroads meet in Chicago, with the exception being the Kansas City Southern Railway. While the Chicago Loop is the central business district, Chicago is also a city of neighborhoods. ), Missionary Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad. views about homosexuality by metro area, Learn More: views about homosexuality, Should be accepted, Should be discouraged, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who same-sex marriage, Compare: views about human evolution by metro area, Learn More: views about human evolution, Evolved; due to natural processes, Evolved; due to God's design, Always existed in present form, 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA Meanwhile, 10% of San Franciscans call themselves agnostics, compared with 5% who are atheists. The observation deck includes an enclosed glass balcony that extends 4.3 feet (1.3m) out on the side of the building. For these figures, anything under 0.25% displays as <0.3%. But all three will vote for a turkey. Large swaths of the city's residential areas away from the lake are characterized by brick bungalows built from the early 20th century through the end of World War II. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Several special studies provide datafor groups without central data offices, such as the Amish, Buddhist and Hindu groups, as well as Orthodox and non-denominational Christian churches. The Bah' temple is in Wilmette, Illinois. Religion Narrative fiction of that time, much of it in the style of "high-flown romance" and "genteel realism", needed a new approach to describe the urban social, political, and economic conditions of Chicago. The Chicago campus of Northwestern University includes the Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern Memorial Hospital, which is ranked as the best hospital in the Chicago metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report for 201718;[358] the Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly named the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago), which is ranked the best U.S. rehabilitation hospital by U.S. News & World Report;[359] the new Prentice Women's Hospital; and Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago. [275] Washington Park is also one of the city's biggest parks; covering nearly 400 acres (160ha). [citation needed], The White Sox have played on the South Side continuously since 1901, with all three of their home fields throughout the years being within blocks of one another. [326][327], Chicago has also been the setting of a number of television shows, including the situation comedies Perfect Strangers and its spinoff Family Matters, Married with Children, Punky Brewster, Kenan & Kel, Still Standing, The League, The Bob Newhart Show, and Shake It Up. ), Independent Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad. Late in the 19th century, Chicago was part of the bicycle craze, with the Western Wheel Company, which introduced stamping to the production process and significantly reduced costs,[207] while early in the 20th century, the city was part of the automobile revolution, hosting the Brass Era car builder Bugmobile, which was founded there in 1907. An award-winning $108 million, 1.25-mile promenade along the south bank of the Chicago River downtown. Males had a median income of $35,907 versus $30,536 for females. [189] The Chicago metropolitan area has the third-largest science and engineering work force of any metropolitan area in the nation. Chicago is home to NetherRealm Studios, the developers of the Mortal Kombat series. Welcome to Chicago, the third largest city in the United States, with a population of nearlythree million people. Both the Bulls and the Blackhawks play at the United Center. [17] There are approximately 70,000 Bosnian Americans in Chicago. Religion Census is your source for religious data at the county level. Households with a computer, percent, 2017-2021. It grew rapidly in the mid-19th century;[8] by 1860, Chicago was the youngest U.S. city to exceed a population of 100,000. [230], In 2013, Chicago was chosen as one of the "Top Ten Cities in the United States" to visit for its restaurants, skyscrapers, museums, and waterfront, by the readers of Cond Nast Traveler,[231][232] and in 2020 for the fourth year in a row, Chicago was named the top U.S. city tourism destination. Chicago's theater community spawned modern improvisational theater, and includes the prominent groups The Second City and I.O. [12] Additionally, The Patriarchal see of the Assyrian Church of the East was based in Chicago for several decades up until 2015 when it was moved to Erbil. 250 live music venues including the world-renowned Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Lyric Opera, and Joffrey Ballet. [14] O'Hare International Airport is routinely ranked among the world's top six busiest airports according to tracked data by the Airports Council International. Since 1999, Judge Mathis also films his syndicated arbitration-based reality court show at the NBC Tower. [245], One of the world's most decorated restaurants and a recipient of three Michelin stars, Alinea is located in Chicago. RELIGION CENSUS FINDINGS, VIEW THE 2010 MAJORU.S. The independents finally gained control of city government in 1983 with the election of Harold Washington (in office 19831987). [citation needed], More representational and portrait statuary includes a number of works by Lorado Taft (Fountain of Time, The Crusader, Eternal Silence, and the Heald Square Monument completed by Crunelle), French's Statue of the Republic, Edward Kemys's Lions, Saint-Gaudens's Abraham Lincoln: The Man (a.k.a. The 2015 year-end crime statistics showed there were 468 murders in Chicago in 2015 compared with 416 the year before, a 12.5% increase, as well as 2,900 shootings13% more than the year prior, and up 29% since 2013. [213] The city has many upscale dining establishments as well as many ethnic restaurant districts. [88] In 1979, Jane Byrne, the city's first female mayor, was elected. Theatre-goers can choose from thousands of performances annually, featuring everything from Shakespeare to variety, in many languages. After the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, a new wave of immigrants from the mainland came in the 1950s. Chicago is also home to a number of national radio shows, including Beyond the Beltway with Bruce DuMont on Sunday evenings. [177], Non-Christian faiths accounted for 7% of the religious population in 2014. [249] Much notable Chicago fiction focuses on the city itself, with social criticism keeping exultation in check. Rahm Emanuel (to April 2019) 2010 census population (rank): 2,695,598 (3); Male:Female:White:Black:American Indian and Alaska Native:Asian:Other race:Two or more races . [108] The three sides of the city are represented on the Flag of Chicago by three horizontal white stripes. [158], Chicago's population declined in the latter half of the 20th century, from over 3.6million in 1950 down to under 2.7million by 2010. Chicago Population & Age Distribution Total Population 2,696,555 Age Under 5 Years: 6.1% 5 - 17: 14.3% 18 - 24: 9.8% 25 - 34: 20.1% 35 - 54: 25.9% 55 - 64: 11.1% Over 65 Years: 12.7% Educational Attainment of Adults Attending College High School Graduates College Graduated 5.3% 85.9% The Archdiocese is divided into six vicariates and 31 deaneries. National polls rarely give any religious data below the national level. The Bears have won more games in the history of the NFL than any other team,[257] and only the Green Bay Packers, their longtime rivals, have won more championships. Racial Makeup of Chicago excluding Hispanics from Racial Categories (2021)[3]NH=Non-Hispanic, Racial Makeup of Hispanics in Chicago (2021)[3], According to 2021 US Census Bureau American Community Survey one-year estimates (which is conducted annually for cities over 65,000 via sampling), the population of Chicago, Illinois was 36.1% White (32.9% Non-Hispanic White and 3.2% Hispanic White), 28.5% Black or African American, 6.9% Asian, 1.1% Native American and Alaskan Native, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 13.1% Some Other Race, and 14.2% from two or more races. ), Other Pentecostal (Historically Black Protestant Trad. Other notable schools include: Chicago State University; the School of the Art Institute of Chicago; EastWest University; National Louis University; North Park University; Northeastern Illinois University; Robert Morris University Illinois; Roosevelt University; Saint Xavier University; Rush University; and Shimer College. The city has been a center for rave culture, since the 1980s. [174] In 2018, Chicago ranked seventh globally for the highest number of ultra-high-net-worth residents with roughly 3,300 residents worth more than $30million. It includes Rush University Medical Center, ranked as the second best hospital in the Chicago metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report for 201416, the University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Jesse Brown VA Hospital, and John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, one of the busiest trauma centers in the nation.[357]. [268] The building of the boulevard system continued intermittently until 1942. The University of Chicago Oriental Institute has an extensive collection of ancient Egyptian and Near Eastern archaeological artifacts. [citation needed], Lincoln Park contains the Lincoln Park Zoo and the Lincoln Park Conservatory. 2005: The Chicago White Sox win the World Series and break 88-year title drought, 2010: Chicago Blackhawks win Stanley Cup Championship, 2012: Chicago Red Stars win National Women's Open, 2013: Chicago Blackhawks win Stanley Cup Championship, 2015: Chicago Blackhawks win Stanley Cup Championship, 2016: The Chicago Cubs win World Series; break 108-year title drought and broke the Curse of the Billy Goat. [citation needed], The Chicago Public Library system operates 3 regional libraries and 77 neighbourhood branches, including the central library. Computer and Internet Use. Student Location Diversity 85 out of 100. The name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the indigenous Miami-Illinois word shikaakwa for a wild relative of the onion; it is known to botanists as Allium tricoccum and known more commonly as "ramps". Chicagos 250-plus theatre companies take the stage at more than 200 theatres to perform work as varied and diverse as their audiences. This series gives a picture of county-level religious affiliation nationwide. Domestic and industrial waste was once incinerated but it is now landfilled, mainly in the Calumet area. Chicago's demographic, cultural, and religious transformation at the turn of the century posed a number of challenges to this evangelical mission. Males had a median income of $35,907 versus $30,536 for females. This is one of the most important centers of Polonia. The fiscal crisis was resolved by 1933, and at the same time, federal relief funding began to flow into Chicago. [citation needed], Chicago is currently the setting for Showtime's Shameless, and NBC's Chicago Fire, Chicago P.D. Two of the city's largest parks are also located on this side of the city: Jackson Park, bordering the waterfront, hosted the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893, and is the site of the aforementioned museum; and slightly west sits Washington Park. Chicago's demographics show that it is a large, and ethnically and culturally diverse metropolis. [210], Chicago's minimum wage for non-tipped employees is one of the highest in the nation and reached $15 in 2021. In 1900, 470,000 Chicagoansone out of every four residentshad either been born in Germany or had a parent born there. 1935: Chicago Cubs secure a record as the third-longest unbeaten MLB game streak with 21 consecutive wins. [106] The Chicagoland Chamber of Commerce defines it as all of Cook and DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and Will counties. [197] For six consecutive years since 2013, Chicago was ranked the nation's top metropolitan area for corporate relocations. The challenge for early writers was that Chicago was a frontier outpost that transformed into a global metropolis in the span of two generations. frequency of reading scripture by metro area, Learn More: frequency of reading scripture, At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say the holy scripture is, Compare: The Asian represented 5.5% of the population and the Native American population was 0.5% of the population. For more than two decades, Chicago has hosted ChicagoSummerDance, the largest annual outdoor dancing series in the U.S. Dont forget, every April is Chicago Dance Month across the city. The Fourth Presbyterian Church is one of the largest Presbyterian congregations in the United States based on memberships. [citation needed], The city's distinctive accent, made famous by its use in classic films like The Blues Brothers and television programs like the Saturday Night Live skit "Bill Swerski's Superfans", is an advanced form of Inland Northern American English. Other notable shows include CBS's The Good Wife and Mike and Molly. Some Irish already lived in Chicago when it was incorporated as a city in 1837. Evangelical Protestantism form the largest theological Protestant branch (16%), followed by Mainline Protestants (11%), and historically Black churches (8%). Chicago averaged 1.12 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8.[333]. In The Dark Knight Trilogy and the DC Extended Universe, Chicago was used as the inspiration and filming site for Gotham City and Metropolis respectively. Computer and Internet Use. As well as the mayor, Chicago's clerk and treasurer are also elected citywide. To accommodate rapid population growth and demand for better sanitation, the city improved its infrastructure. Chicago has the third most franchises in the four major North American sports leagues with five, behind the New York and Los Angeles Metropolitan Areas, and have six top-level professional sports clubs when including Chicago Fire FC of Major League Soccer (MLS). [citation needed]. It is an important component in global distribution, as it is the third-largest inter-modal port in the world after Hong Kong and Singapore. The first Bosnians settled in Chicago in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, joining other immigrants seeking better opportunities and better lives. [citation needed], Two major daily newspapers are published in Chicago: the Chicago Tribune and the Chicago Sun-Times, with the Tribune having the larger circulation. Among the nations biggest metro areas, Phoenix has one of the highest concentrations of Mormons (6%). It includes nineteen boulevards, eight parks, and six squares, along twenty-six miles of interconnected streets. Soldier Field re-opened in 2003 after an extensive renovation. Some of the parks along the waterfront include Lincoln Park, Grant Park, Burnham Park, and Jackson Park. [citation needed], With an estimated completion date of 2020, the Barack Obama Presidential Center will be housed at the University of Chicago in Hyde Park and include both the Obama presidential library and offices of the Obama Foundation. In July 2013, the bicycle-sharing system Divvy was launched with 750 bikes and 75 docking stations[336] It is operated by Lyft for the Chicago Department of Transportation. Buckingham Fountain anchors the downtown park along the lakefront. 3.52. The southwest side is also the location of the Polish Highlanders Alliance of North America. [116] Many of the city's residential streets have a wide patch of grass or trees between the street and the sidewalk itself. The organization, formed in 1924, was called the Society for Human Rights. Learn more atLearn more at Chicago.gov/COVIDVax. In 1893, Chicago hosted the World's Columbian Exposition on former marshland at the present location of Jackson Park. Over the years neighborhoods have seen gradual ethnic change with White ethnic neighborhoods like Brighton Park transitioning to Hispanic, while former Latino neighborhoods like West Town transition to majority non-Hispanic White. [284] In its annual crime statistics for 2016, the Chicago Police Department reported that the city experienced a dramatic rise in gun violence, with 4,331 shooting victims. Religion Census, email cliff.grammich@usreligioncensus.org. ", Appendix C: Regional Freight Transportation Profiles, "Preliminary Traffic Results for 2005 Show Firm Rebound (March 14, 2006)", "Top IDOT official says third airport will be built", "What really happens to Chicago's blue cart recycling? [314] According to data compiled in 2014, Chicago's "choice system", where students who test or apply and may attend one of a number of public high schools (there are about 130), sorts students of different achievement levels into different schools (high performing, middle performing, and low performing schools). Many themes are transgressive and derived from the works of authors such as William S. Burroughs. ), Other Methodist (Historically Black Protestant Trad. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. Two tall glass sculptures make up the Crown Fountain. The July daily average temperature is 75.9F (24.4C), with afternoon temperatures peaking at 85.0F (29.4C). Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. "Chicagoan" redirects here. About a third of residents of New York (33%), Los Angeles (32%) and Chicago (34%) are Catholic. Roughly three-quarters of residents of three Southern cities Dallas (78%), Atlanta (76%) and Houston (73%) are Christians. Recently, the city began installing wind turbines on government buildings to promote renewable energy.[352][353][354]. Read our research on: Congress | Economy | Gender, ReligionsGeographyTopics & QuestionsUser Guide, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say they, Compare: [256] They have won three World Series titles, including the 2016 World Series, but had the dubious honor of having the two longest droughts in American professional sports: They had not won their sport's title since 1908, and had not participated in a World Series since 1945, both records, until they beat the Cleveland Indians in the 2016 World Series. [291] However, Chicago, like other major U.S. cities, experienced a significant reduction in violent crime rates through the 1990s, falling to 448 homicides in 2004, its lowest total since 1965 and only 15.65 murders per 100,000. [301] According to the FBI, St. Louis, New Orleans, Detroit, and Baltimore had the highest murder rate along with several other cities. [110] The South Side is the largest section of the city, encompassing roughly 60% of the city's land area. The ethnic makeup of the population is 28% Hispanic and 72% belong to non Hispanic background. [193] Academically, Chicago has been influential through the Chicago school of economics, which fielded some 12 Nobel Prize winners. [14] The Southwest Side is home to the largest concentration of Gorals (Carpathian highlanders) outside Europe. From 1989 until May 16, 2011, Chicago was under the leadership of its longest-serving mayor, Richard M. Daley, the son of Richard J. Daley. The Bears play their home games at Soldier Field. The mother-in-law is a tamale topped with chili and served on a hot dog bun. On June 15, 1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as Receiver of Public Monies. Chicago (/ko/ (listen) shih-KAH-goh, locally also /ko/ shih-KAW-goh;[6] Miami-Illinois: Shikaakwa; Ojibwe: Zhigaagong) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and the third most populous in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles. [95] Lori Lightfoot, the city's first African American woman mayor and its first openly LGBTQ Mayor, was elected to succeed Emanuel as mayor in 2019. [158], In the 1920s and 1930s, the great majority of African Americans moving to Chicago settled in a socalled "Black Belt" on the city's South Side. Hispanic origin was reported at 28.9%. In recent years the state of Illinois has been leaning towards building an entirely new airport in the Illinois suburbs of Chicago. The Kennedy and Dan Ryan Expressways are the busiest state maintained routes in the entire state of Illinois.[334]. The per capita income for the city was $20,175. Many of the city's financial institutions, such as the CBOT and the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, are located within a section of downtown called "The Loop", which is an eight-block by five-block area of city streets that is encircled by elevated rail tracks. [297][298], In 2012, Chicago ranked 21st in the United States in numbers of homicides per person, and in the first half of 2013 there was a significant drop per-person, in all categories of violent crime, including homicide (down 26%). The top tourist destination in Chicago and the Midwest in 2017, Millennium Park offers 25 acres of exuberant architecture, serene gardens, grand pavilions, and dazzling fountains that sculpt light and water, walking paths. City laws and later, state laws that upgraded standards for the medical profession and fought urban epidemics of cholera, smallpox, and yellow fever were both passed and enforced. [62], During the 1870s and 1880s, Chicago attained national stature as the leader in the movement to improve public health. Chase Bank has its commercial and retail banking headquarters in Chicago's Chase Tower. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. [311], Chicago high school rankings are determined by the average test scores on state achievement tests. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males. The canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. The Mandarin-speaking people settled throughout Chicago and the suburbs . [304] According to the Chicago Police Department, carjackers are using face masks that are widely worn due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic to effectively blend in with the public and conceal their identity. The team was founded before the 2006 WNBA season began. There were more than 1,061,928 households, of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 18.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. Ten years later, he became the secretary and then the president of the first Illinois State Board of Health, which carried out most of its activities in Chicago.[64]. With a population of 2,746,388 in the 2020 census,[7] it is also the most populous city in the Midwest. [10] Chicago also hosts the headquarters of the largest Lutheran body in the United States, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. By the time of its first census, seven years later, the population had reached over 4,000. The city has major financial and futures exchanges, including the Chicago Stock Exchange, the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE), and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (the "Merc"), which is owned, along with the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) by Chicago's CME Group. [303], Chicago began experiencing a massive surge in carjackings after 2019, and at least 1,415 such crimes took place in the city in 2020. [181][177] A 2020 study estimated the total Jewish population of the Chicago metropolitan area, both religious and irreligious, at 319,600. Ravinia Festival, located 25 miles (40km) north of Chicago, is the summer home of the CSO, and is a favorite destination for many Chicagoans.

What Is Cultural Strategic Thinking, List Of Disney Villains' Defeats Wiki, Articles C